15

14 History
13 Aim
12 Objectives
11 Membership
10 Areas of Research
9 Officers
8 Board Members
7 Conferences
6 Publications
4 The XXVIth ICPAFR Symposium, Ithala Game Reserve, 2010

HISTORY

In 1964, the International Committee for the Standardization of Physical Fitness Tests (ICPSPFT) was founded in Tokyo, Japan, by a group of researchers in sports medicine, anthropometry, physiology of exercise and physical education, led by Prof. Leonard A. Larsen, U.S.A. The standardization process culminated in the publication of a book on standards pf physical fitness tests in 1974 (see reference list).
The book was the result of nine years of work including six international Symposia and comparative research in many countries around the world which aimed at the standardization of the tests.
In 1973, in Jyväskylä, Finland, a decision was made to change the name of the Committee to the International Council for Physical Fitness Research. In 1992, in Leuven, Belgium, a further change was made to the current title: International Council for Physical Activity and Fitness Research (ICPAFR). Since its foundation, the organisation has held 27 international Symposia in different countries.

AIM

The aim of the Council is to make an effort to promote that quality of life most conducive to the realization of one's highest creative potential through the promotion of physical activity and fitness.

OBJECTIVES

- To encourage basic research in physical activity and physical fitness.
- To foster research in areas of physical activity, fitness, and nutrition.
- To standardize tests in physical fitness and the assessment and the measurement of physical activity.
- To encourage research based upon the standardized tests and measurements.
- To encourage research to enhance participation in physical activity and the improvement of physical fitness.

AREAS OF RESEARCH

The Council includes numerous researchers from approximately 36 countries, in the following scientific areas:
Sport Medicine
Exercise Physiology
Physical Anthropology
Biomechanics
Physical Education
Epidemiology and Social Sciences related to physical activity
Biochemistry and Nutrition research related to physical fitness

OFFICERS (since 2004)

President
Franco Viviani
Department of Applied Psychology
University of Padua,
Via Venezia, 8
35131 Padova, Italy
Tel: +39-0498804668
Fax: +39-0498276600
Email: franco.viviani@unipd.it

Secretary-Treasurer
Alison McManus
China (Hong Kong)
Email: alimac@hku.hk

Vice President:
Stanislaw Czyz,PhD
Wroclaw, Poland
Email 1: czysta@awf.wroc.pl
Email 2: stanislaw.czyz@awf.wroc.pl

Past President
Albrecht L. Claessens PhD
Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Tervuusevest 101B-3001
Leuven Heverlee Belgium
Tel: 32-16-329083
Fax: 32-16-329197
Email: albrecht.claessens@faber.kuleuven.be

BOARD OF MEMBERS

Joe Blimkie, PhD
Hamilton, Canada (blimkie@univmail.cis.mcmaster.ca)

Zaida Cordero-MacIntyre, PhD
Loma Linda, USA (zcordero-macintyre@llu.edu)

Andrew Hills, PhD
Brisbane, Australia (a.hills@qut.edu.au)

Toivo Jurimae, PhD
Tartu, Estonia (toivoj@ut.ee)

José Maia, PhD
Porto, Portugal (jmaia@fade.up.pt)

Monika Piatkowska, PhD
Warsaw, Poland, (monika.piatkowska@awf.edu.pl)

Nauris Tamulevicius, PhD
Seminole, FL, USA (NTamulevicius@mail.barry.edu)

Glynis Longhurst, PhD
Waikato, New Zealand (Glynis.Longhurst@wintec.ac.nz)

CONFERENCES 1964-2010
1964 - Tokyo, Japan
1965 - Tokyo, Japan
1966 - Sandefjord, Norway
1967 - Magglingen, Switzerland
1968 - Mexico City, Mexico
1969 - Wingate Institute, Israël
1970 - Oxford, Great Britain
1971 - Magglingen, Switzerland
1972 - Cologne, Germany
1973 - Jyväskylä, Finland
1974 - Jerusalem, Israël
1976 - Trois Rivieres, Canada
1978 - Joannesburg, South Africa
1980 - Leuven, Belgium
1982 - Magglingen, Switzerland
1984 - Eugene, Oregon, Usa
1986 - Jerusalem, Israël
1988 - Osaka, Japan
1992 - Leuven, Belgium
1995 - Itala Game Reserve, South Africa
1996 - Treviso, Italy
1998 - Wingate Institute, Israël
2000 - Hong Kong, China
2002 - Tartu, Estonia
2006 - Wroclaw, Poland
2008 - Loma Linda, CA, USA
2010 - Ithala Game Reserve, South Africa

PUBLICATIONS

Cordero-MacIntyre, Z., Viviani, F. & Claessens, A.L. (eds.). - Where physical activity, nutrition, and body composition meet. Selected papers from the XXVth International Symposium of the ICPAFR. International Journal of Body Composition Research, 2010, vol. 8 - Supplement.

Czyz, S. & Viviani, F. (eds.) - New Horizons. Selected papers from the XXIVth International Symposium of the ICPAFR. Elseviers, Wroclaw, 2006.

Jurimae, T. & Jurimae, J. (eds) - Actas Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis. Selected papers from the XXIIIth International Symposium of the ICPAFR. Vol 7, 2002.

Fu, F. H. & Ruskin, H. (eds.) Physical Fitness and Activity in the Context of Leisure Education. Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China, 2001.

Casagrande, G. & Viviani, F. (eds.) Physical Activity and Health: Physiological, Behavioral and Epidemiological Aspects. UNIPRESS, Padua, Italy, 1998.

Coetsee, M.F. & van Heerden, H.J. (eds.) Nutrition and Physical Activity. University of Zululand, South Africa, 1997.

Claessens, A.L., et al. (eds.) World-Wide Variations in Physical Fitness. Institute of Physical Education, Leuven, Belgium, 1993.

Kaneko, M. (ed.) Fitness for Aged, Disabled and Industrial Workers.
Human Kinetics, Champaign, Ill., USA, 1990.

Ruskin, H. & Simkin, A. (eds.) Physical Fitness and the Ages of Man. Academon Press, Jerusalem, Israël, 1987.

Ghesquiere, J. & Van Gerven D. (eds.) Physical Fitness Research XIV. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 1981.

Shephard, R.J. & Lavallée H. (eds.) Physical Fitness Assessment: Principles, Practice and Applications. CC. Thomas, USA. 1978.

Larson, L.A. (ed.) Fitness, Health, and Work Capacity: International Standards for Assessment. McMillan Publ. Co., New York, USA, 1974.

Larson, L.A. & Michelman, H. (eds.) International Guide to Fitness and Health. Crown Publ. New York, USA, 1973.

 

 

 

General Assembly: Ithala Game Reserve, South Africa. August 16-20, 2010.

The XXVII ICPAFR symposium was convened on the Conference Room of the Ithala Game Reserve, an idyllic setting with lots of game, during August 2010. ICPAFR expresses great appreciation to the University of Zululand for sponsoring and hosting the event and thanks all the members of th Executives, the reviewers, the invited speakers, the Organizing Committee and the Scientific Committee for their support in making the Symposium a success.

ICPAFR is particularly grateful to our late Vice-President Prof. Marius Coetsee, former Head - Department at Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, South Africa. His lively presence in ICPAFR's meetings, his "straight-shooting" personality, and great organizational skills meant the planning for the meeting commenced on a strong footing. Special thanks are also due to Dr. Glynis Longhurst who, despite the problems created by the (justified) absence of a number of Board Members, managed the Symposium extremely well. In fact, she gathered a fine team of competent students and colleagues that not only were able to organize a number of important sessions, including one on the use of new technologies and the research they are undertaking in Zululand, but also to “fill the gaps” left by some absences. Overall, they created the right atmosphere in a venue that was truly “African”. In short, the scientific value of the whole Symposium was enhanced by their efforts. Thanks are also due to Albrecht Claessens for his job as President of the Scientific Committee. Finally, thanks also go to all the participants who engaged in all sessions with interest, curiosity and enthusiasm.

The theme of the meeting was: "Past, present and future in Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Health". Scientists and practitioners shared new information and discussed theoretical and scientific aspects of physical activity, new trends and their implications. Selected articles will be published as soon as possible.

In the agenda the points discussed included: a) Evaluation of the Symposium and “state of the art”; b) the future of ICPAFR. The latter point was subdivided into four topics: Joining another council or organization ? Keeping ICPAFR as it is ? Changing the formula for something new and (possibly) uncommon ? Whether there should be a  membership fee ? The general evaluation of the Symposium was positive, both for the location, the adherence to the theme, and the value of the interventions. Regarding the future of ICPAFR, participants in the General Assembly di not support ICPAFR joining a wider organization. However, there was some support for ICPAFR participating in events organized jointly but strong endorsement for ICPAFR co-badging with any partner organizations. It was also stated that, even if the ICPAFR biennial Symposia are to continue, there was a need for some changes. For example, the need to be “really different” from large and concurrent organizations clearly emerged, especially from the younger participants. Some of the interesting ideas discussed included the offering of the possibility for young students to publish on-line. This could be done using the Board Members and the other actively involved in ICPAFR as referees. Should any ICPAFR members have ideas about how the Council should move ahead, please contact the President. Another problem that emerged was the perpetual problem of funding to participate in meetings. This is a challenge for many members young and old. In particular, the inability of young scientists to participate, significantly hampers their academic development. Any ideas for accessing funds to assist more participants attend meetings would be greatly appreciated.
Regarding the membership fee, the point was made that “something given for free has no value”. This may be correct psychologically, but practically it is burdensome. The President reminded the assembly that in an earlier meeting in Thessaloniki, the Assembly decided to dispense with the membership fee because of the management costs associated with overseeing a relatively small membership base. The re-introduction of fees could be a profitable proposal only if one day we were to introduce the costs of publishing, something that, for the moment, is not in the agenda. Other ideas emerged during the Symposium and the General Assembly, including: a) the fact that more aggressive organizations working on the same/related topics are emerging and for this reason we must step-up an extra-gear to survive; b) ICPAFR is getting old and the older generation must “pass the baton” to the younger generation. There will be transitory period during which we could imagine a temporary arrangement: to maintain part of the executive structure as it is and to insert new “blood”. Alternatively we could create a double structure containing the old and the new. c) After Thessaloniki (2004), the memorandum of ICPAFR must be updated, as the statutory obligations are no longer relevant. The introduction of new rules would somehow collide with some of the articles fixed many years ago. For example, some members of the Board have served on the Executive for many years and some articles of the statute fix some terms. Therefore, new elections should be undertaken. It was relatively easy years ago when membership fees were used to cover the mail costs. We should think of something more flexible in the new era. Again, please furnish any suggestions on what is needed to move forward with strength.

MINI-SESSION
During the recently held 26th International Council for Physical Activity and Fitness Research Conference five Honours students from the University of Zululand’s Department of Biokinetics and Sport Science presented their research during a mini student forum. Because this is something new, this mini session has been included in our website. Following is a brief summary of their research.

Chris Nel: BSc HMS Hons (Biokinetics)
CUMULATIVE MILD HEAD INJURIES IN SCHOOLBOY RUGBY PLAYERS: THE EFFECT OF CONTACT SPORT ON PROCESSING SPEED AND MEMORY COMPARED WITH NON-CONTACT SPORT CONTROLS

The knowledge that neuropsychological deficits subsequent to Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in contact sports exist may be problematic as schoolboys are still developing physiologically and psychologically and have to perform in both academic and sporting arenas.  A computerised test, the California Computerized Assessment Package which is essentially a measure of sustained attention and reaction time was used to precisely measure mean and median reaction times.

Nico Otto: BSc HMS Hons (Biokinetics)
COMPARING BODY POSTURE AND ANKLE FUNCTION OF BAREFOOT CHILDREN TO CHILDREN WITH SHOES

This study focused on ankle range of motion, proprioceptive and body posture defects that footwear can cause.  

Bevan Jeffery: BSc HMS Hons (Biokinetics)
THE EFFECTS OF FOOT PLACEMENT ON ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND HEART RATE WHILE CYCLING:

The purpose of the study was to examine the acute effects of different foot placement positions on a pedal while cycling.  Indirect calorimetry was used to measure relative VO2, heart rate and energy expenditure.

Mart-Mari Beer: BSc HMS Hons (Adapted physical activity)
THE DIFFERENCE IN STATIC BALANCE BETWEEN OBESE, OVERWEIGHT, AND NORMAL WEIGHT CHILDREN

Research has shown that there is a substantial increase in childhood obesity, which may lead to an increased risk of developing various diseases and other health conditions.  Muscle strength and balance in children plays an important role in further development of children into adolescence and adulthood, and balance has a particular influence on the functional ability and motor development of individuals.  The purpose of this study was to compare static balance between normal weight children and overweight/obese children ages 8-11 years.

Pavani Chetty: BSc HMS Hons (Biokinetics)
EXERCISE INTENSITY OBTAINED WHILE PLAYING NINTENDO WII ACTIVE AND IT. ENJOYABILITY TO SEDENTARY BLACK UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Two rapidly increasing factors affect us today namely technology and the increase of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The idea behind this article is to research the possible relationship between these two factors.  The aim is to investigate the average exercise Intensity reached when playing Nintendo Wii EA Sport Active and its enjoyablilty.

For Further Information

Please send an e-mail to:

Franco Viviani
franco.viviani@unipd.it

Alison McManus, PhD
alimac@hku.hk

 

For any problem regarding this web site, contact:

Franco Viviani
Faculty of Psychology
University of Padua (ITALY)
franco.viviani@unipd.it